Commercial lease

1. Legal framework and scope

1.1 Definition and legal basis

Commercial rental legislation regulates the rental of real estate intended for commercial purposes where the tenant is in direct contact with the public. This specific rental relationship is regulated in Belgium by the Commercial Lease Act of April 30, 1951.

Unlike ordinary leases, this legislation provides special protection for the commercial tenant, with a view to ensuring the continuity of the commercial business. This translates into specific provisions on, among other things, the duration of the lease, the possibilities for lease renewal and protection in the event of the sale of the premises.

1.2 Cumulative application conditions

The Commercial Lease Act applies only when all of the following conditions are cumulatively met:

1.2.1 A valid rental agreement.

It must be a consensual, reciprocal contract for valuable consideration, in which the landlord undertakes to provide the enjoyment of a property to the tenant, who in turn undertakes to pay a certain price for it (article 1709 old Civil Code). This means that:

• A rental relationship must exist (no loan, usufruct, ground lease or lease of public land)
• A rent must be paid that is determined or determinable
• There must be an agreement of will between the parties

1.2.2 An immovable property or part thereof

The Commercial Lease Law applies only to immovable property or portions thereof, whether built-up or unbuilt. Movable property falls outside its scope. For example, a mobile chip shop stall is basically not covered by the Commercial Lease Law unless it is anchored in the ground and used permanently in one location.

It is important that the parties accurately describe the subject matter of the lease, preferably supplemented by a detailed plan that clearly indicates exactly what spaces are being leased (building, any land, parking, etc.).

1.2.3 Retail or craft zoning

The leased property must be used for:

• Conducting a retail business, or
• The business of an artisan

What is crucial here is that the tenant is in direct contact with the public. This element distinguishes commercial leases from other commercial leases.

Examples of activities included:

• Bakeries and butchers
• Catering establishments (restaurants, cafes)
• Clothing stores and other retail
• Cinemas and nightclubs
• Department stores and supermarkets

Examples of activities generally not covered by the Commercial Lease Act:

• Law Offices
• Notaries
• Bookkeepers and accountants
• Real estate agents
• Other liberal professions (unless they are demonstrably in direct contact with an audience of customers)

If disputed, the court will decide whether there is actually a retail trade or craft with direct contact with the public.

1.2.4 Principal use

The property must be used primarily (but not necessarily exclusively) for the exercise of retail trade or craft. The property may additionally be used for other purposes, such as tenant occupancy.

The parties would do well to clarify in the contract what the main purpose is, for example, by stating percentages or proportions. However, the court is not bound by these contractual provisions if they do not reflect reality.

1.2.5 Commercial zoning agreement.

Commercial zoning should either:

• Expressly or tacitly agreed upon from the beginning of the lease, or
• Have been expressly accepted by the landlord during the course of the lease

1.3 Excluded applications

Section 2 of the Commercial Lease Law expressly excludes certain leases:

• Commercial leases shorter than one year (those covered by the Pop-up decree)
• Rental of property exempt from property tax
• Rent allowed by trustees over other's real property
• Rental of property with low cadastral income
• Lease of real property for public benefit expropriated or acquired by a public administration

1.4 Imperative nature of commercial lease laws

The provisions of the Commercial Lease Act are mandatory in nature, meaning that:

• Contract provisions that violate the Commercial Lease Act are void
• Parties cannot exclude the rules of the Commercial Lease Act if the conditions of application are met
• The protected party can, however, explicitly waive the protection
• It does allow the rules of commercial lease to apply conventionally to a contract that does not meet all the conditions

1.5 Relationship to other rental rules

The Commercial Lease Law takes precedence over the Common Lease Law. For aspects not specifically regulated by the Commercial Lease Law, the general rental law from the old Civil Code applicable. In addition, the general provisions of book 5 of the (new) Civil Code on contract law applies.

2. The commercial case as a protected interest

2.1 Understanding and importance of the commercial case

Although the Commercial Lease Act does not define the commercial case (or commercial fund), it does constitute the central protected interest of the legislation. The Supreme Court defines the commodity as "a collection of things conceived as instruments of a commercial activity" (Cass. Feb. 4, 1954).

The commercial lease is an intangible and movable property that must be distinguished from the commercial lease itself. It typically includes:

• The clientele or customer base (often the most important element)
• The furnishings (e.g. store cabinets, counters)
• Machinery and equipment
• The trade name and logo
• Any intellectual property rights
• Stocks

The value of a mercantile business is significantly related to the location of the leased premises, as a good location helps to build an established clientele. The Commercial Lease Law implicitly protects this value by granting certain rights to the commercial tenant.

2.2 Valuation of a trade

The correct valuation of a commercial business is crucial when it is transferred, terminated or liquidated. This valuation is complex and requires the use of specialized experts such as court experts, auditors or accountants, who take into account:

• The location of the property
• Sales and financial results
• The size and loyalty of the customer base
• The inventory and furnishings
• The reputation and goodwill built up

2.3 The pledge on the commercial case

Young entrepreneurs often take out loans from financial institutions to start a trade business. As security for this loan, the trade business may be pledged.

2.3.1 Legal framework for the property

The rules on this can be found in the Pledge Act, in which:

• The lien is created by a consensual pledge agreement
• The pledge relates to the entirety of the goods constituting the commercial business, unless otherwise specified
• Registration in the National Pawn Registry is required for opposability to third parties
• The pledge gives the pledgee a priority right in the distribution of the proceeds in the event of monetization

2.3.2 Effects of the property on the commercial business

A lien gives the lender the ability to sell the business if the entrepreneur fails to fulfill his obligations. Since the merchandise cannot be physically surrendered ("out of possession"), registering the pledge in the National Pledge Registry is an essential step in making the pledge enforceable against third parties.

2.4 Protection of mercantile business in the Commercial Lease Act

The Commercial Lease Act protects the commercial business in several ways:

2.4.1 Indirect protection.

• Minimum nine-year lease term
• Fundamental right to renewal
• Limitation on rent review
• Protection when the property is sold
• Right to perform remodeling work

2.4.2 Direct references in the law

• Article 10 provides for the possibility of transferring the lease along with the commercial case
• Article 25 provides that the landlord must pay an eviction fee in case of refusal of lease renewal

3. Formalities when entering into a commercial lease agreement

3.1 Form of the agreement

3.1.1 Principle of consensualism

A commercial lease is in principle a consensual contract that can be concluded orally or in writing, even tacitly (art. 1714, first paragraph old BW). In principle, there are no formal requirements for a valid conclusion.

In practice, however, it is strongly advisable to draw up a written agreement to avoid later problems of proof. If the parties draw up a written agreement, according to article 1714, paragraphs 2 and 3 of the old Civil Code, it must contain at least:

• For natural persons: name, first two given names, place of residence, place and date of birth
• For legal entities: corporate name, company number or registered office

3.1.2 Exceptions to consensualism

In two specific cases, however, a writing is required:

1. Pop-up trade rental: For commercial lease of one year or less (Article 2 Commercial Lease Law in conjunction with Pop-up Decree)
2. Long-term commercial lease: For commercial leases of more than nine years, an authentic (notarized) deed is required which must be transferred to the office Legal Security (Article 3.30, § 1, 6° BW)

3.2 Registration

3.2.1 Registration requirement

Registration is a mandatory tax formality that gives fixed date to the lease agreement and makes it enforceable against third parties, especially the buyer of the leased property.

In commercial leases, the parties shall determine by mutual agreement who is liable for registration. The period shall be four months from the commencement of the lease, or fifteen days if the lease is established by notarial deed.

3.2.2 Importance of registration on disposal

When the leased property is sold, registration protects the tenant:

• A registered lease (with a fixed date) must be honored by the buyer unless the agreement contains an eviction clause
• With an unregistered lease, the buyer can in principle evict the tenant without notice or compensation, unless the sale agreement provides otherwise

3.3 Site description

Although there is no requirement under the Commercial Lease Law to prepare a place description, it is appropriate on the basis of the common lease law (Article 1730, § 1 old Civil Code) to:

• Prepare a circumstantial site plan, in opposition and on joint account
• To do so before the start of the lease or during the first month
• To be prepared by the parties themselves or by an expert (e.g., real estate broker or surveyor-expert)

In the absence of place description, the lessee is presumed to have received the premises in the condition they are in at the end of the lease (Article 1731, § 1 old Civil Code). This presumption is rebuttable, but in practice very difficult to rebut without objective evidence.

4. The trading rent and revision

4.1 Determination of base rent

4.1.1 Freedom of contract

In commercial leases, the principle of freedom of contract applies to rent determination. Unlike residential leases, there are no mandatory rules on the amount of the rent or on mandatory notices.

4.1.2 Threshold money

A special feature of commercial leases is the "threshold fee" or "key fee": a one-time amount the tenant pays at the outset, often as compensation for the commercial value or goodwill of the location. It is important to stipulate contractually:

• Whether this is part of the rent
• What is the fate of this amount upon early termination
• Whether it will be charged at rent review

4.2 Indexation

4.2.1 Requirement of a contractual clause

Unlike for residential rental, indexation for commercial rental does not apply automatically. There must be an express clause in the contract that allows indexation (article 1728bis old Civil Code).

4.2.2 Indexation formula

If indexation is agreed upon, it is calculated according to the formula prescribed by law:

base rent × new index = new rent
starting figure

in which:

• The base rent the initial rent is without fees and charges
• The starting index figure is the health index figure for the month prior to the conclusion of the agreement
• The new index is the health index for the month before the anniversary of the effective date

For example, if a commercial lease is signed on Aug. 25, 2024 and takes effect on Sept. 1, 2024, then:

• Is the initial index the July 2024 health index
• Is the first indexing calculated with the July 2025 health index

The limitation period for claiming index adjustments is one year from the date of claimability (article 2273 old Civil Code).

Want to know more? 👉 Read all about trade rent indexing

4.3 Rent review

4.3.1 Triennial review

Article 6 Commercial Lease Law provides that, at the expiration of each three-year period, the parties have the option of applying to the justice of the peace for revision of the rent. To do so, three conditions must be met:

1. The normal rental value must be at least 15% higher or lower than the contractual rent
2. This must be due to new circumstances
3. The claim must be filed within the last three months of the current three-year period

4.3.2 Concept of "normal rental value"

The "normal rental value" is the economic value that an average tenant would offer for that particular property at the time of application. It may differ from the contractual rent, for example, if the rent at inception was determined to be higher or lower than the normal rental value.

4.3.3 New circumstances

The party seeking review must show that new circumstances exist that:

• Outside the will of the parties have arisen
• Have a lasting impact on rental value (not temporary)
• Were not foreseeable at the conclusion of the contract

Examples of such circumstances:

• Major infrastructure works in the area
• Long-term road works affecting accessibility
• Substantial changes in traffic flows or public transportation
• Significant changes in neighborhood economic climate

Case law example: In Nieuwpoort, an increase in the normal rental value was established as a result of the increased attractiveness of the city due to infrastructure works and tourist development (Cass. Dec. 24, 2015 and Cass. March 10, 2017).

4.3.4 Procedure and implications.

If these conditions are met, the court decides the revision "in equity." The revised rent applies from the first day of the next three-year period, but the old rent can be claimed provisionally until the final decision.

Example: If a landlord requests review for a lease that expires on Dec. 31, 2023, but the court does not rule that the rent should increase until June 2024, the tenant must pay the difference for the period from Jan. 1, 2024 to June 2024.

Importantly, the court may not consider favorable or unfavorable returns attributable solely to the tenant (such as investments or rental damage) in its assessment.

5. Duration and termination of commercial lease

5.1 Minimum duration of nine years

The Commercial Lease Law provides for a mandatory minimum term of nine years (Article 3 Commercial Lease Law). If a shorter duration is agreed upon, the contract is extended to nine years by operation of law. By doing so, the legislator aims to protect the continuity of the commercial business.

An open-ended commercial lease is not possible; such agreements are also reduced to a term of nine years.

5.2 Exceptions to the minimum duration

5.2.1 Pop-up trading lease

The Pop-up decree of June 17, 2016 provides for regulation of short-term commercial leases of up to one year. These agreements are outside the scope of the Commercial Lease Law.

5.2.2 Sublease

In the case of sublease, the duration may not exceed the remaining term of the main lease. Thus, a subtenant cannot obtain more rights than the main tenant himself has.

5.3 Termination options

5.3.1 Premature termination by the tenant

The trade lessee has the legal right to terminate the agreement at the expiration of each three-year period, provided that:

• A six-month notice period
• Termination by registered letter or bailiff's writ
• No justification required

This possibility is mandatory and applies even if it is excluded in the contract.

5.3.2 Premature termination by the landlord

The landlord may terminate the lease at the expiration of any three-year period, but only if:

1. This possibility is expressly included in the agreement
2. A notice period of one year will be respected
3. The termination is based on one of the following reasons:
   • To practice a trade yourself
   • To have a trade practiced by certain immediate family members
   • To have a trade carried on by a company whose working partners or associates with at least 75% of the capital are family members

Example: A landlord who leases premises for a clothing store can give notice after three years to start his own bakery there, but only if this option was included in the original contract.

5.3.3 Termination by mutual agreement.

The parties may terminate the agreement at any time by mutual agreement, provided that:

• The agreement shall be recorded in an authentic instrument, or
• The agreement is confirmed by a declaration before the justice of the peace

These formal requirements are mandatory to protect the tenant, but in practice the tenant can prove that there was a mutual agreement even without these formalities.

Want to know more? 👉 Read all about termination options in commercial leases

5.4 Consequences of termination

After termination of the commercial lease, the tenant is allowed to affix a clearly visible notice to the leased premises for six months after leaving to inform his customers of the new location (Article 5 Commercial Lease Law). This allows the trader to retain his clientele when moving.

5.5 Tacit renewal

If the tenant remains in the premises after the end of the lease period without any response from the landlord, a tacit lease extension of indefinite duration arises (Article 14, third paragraph Commercial Lease Law). In this case:

• Do the contractual provisions continue to apply
• Can the landlord give 18-month notice without justification
• Can tenant still apply for rent renewal between 18th and 15th month
• Does the tenant have a notice period of one month

5.6 Lease renewal

5.6.1 Principle and conditions

The tenant has the right above all other persons to obtain renewal of the lease in order to continue the same trade (Article 13 Commercial Lease Law). However, this right is not absolute and requires a formal application that must meet strict conditions.

A maximum of three lease renewals can be requested. The renewal results in a new lease, not an extension of the existing lease.

5.6.2 Procedure for application

The lease renewal application must:

1. By registered letter or bailiff's writ shall be made
2. Between the 18th and 15th month before the end of the current lease are sent
3. Include the conditions under which the tenant is willing to enter into the new lease
4. Include the notice of default (that if the landlord does not respond in a timely manner, the landlord is deemed to have agreed to the renewal under the proposed terms)
5. Addressed to all landlords or to the last notified address

Failure to comply with these conditions will invalidate the application and void the right to renewal.

5.6.3 Landlord response options.

The landlord has three months to respond to the application:

1. Acceptance: The landlord agrees to the proposed conditions
2. Silence: In the absence of timely response, the landlord is deemed to agree
3. Other conditions: The landlord can propose other terms, after which the tenant has 30 days to go to court in case of continued disagreement
4. Refusal: The landlord may refuse renewal based on good cause (Article 16, I, 1°-6° Commercial Lease Law) or without cause subject to payment of a fee

Justified reasons for refusal are:

• Personal use by the landlord or next of kin
• Giving the property a non-commercial use
• Remodeling or reconstruction of the property
• Gross shortcomings of the tenant
• A higher bid by a third party
• Absence of legitimate interest on the part of the tenant

5.6.4 Eviction fee

If renewal is refused, in many cases the tenant is entitled to compensation for eviction (Article 25 Commercial Lease Law). This compensation serves to compensate for the loss of the commercial property and usually amounts to one to three years of rent, depending on the reason for refusal.

Conditions for this reimbursement:

• The tenant must own the commercial business
• The refusal must result in the loss of the commercial case
• The claim must be brought within one year of the fact on which the claim is based

The tenant has a lien: as long as the fee is not paid, he can keep the premises in use without owing rent (Article 27 Commercial Lease Law).

6. Remodeling works by the tenant

6.1 Legal framework

Sections 7 and 8 of the Commercial Lease Law provide the tenant with the right to carry out remodeling works useful to his business. This right is subject to certain conditions:

• The cost should not exceed three years of rent
• The safety, salubrity (integrity) and aesthetic value of the building should not be compromised
• The landlord must be notified in advance by registered letter or bailiff's writ

6.2 Procedure

1. The tenant notifies the landlord of its plans by registered letter or bailiff's writ
2. The landlord has 30 days to object, also by registered letter or bailiff's writ
3. If the landlord opposes, the tenant can go to the justice of the peace within 30 days
4. The justice of the peace may still authorize the tenant to perform the works

The landlord and owner have access to the works and may require the tenant to obtain insurance for liability.

6.3 Lot of works performed at the end of lease

6.3.1 Working with permission

For remodeling work performed with the landlord's consent or after court authorization applies:

• The landlord cannot require removal at the end of the lease
• He may well resist removal
• If the works are retained, the landlord must pay compensation (at his option: either the value of materials and labor or the surplus value of the property)

6.3.2 Working without permission

For works performed without authorization:

• The landlord may require that the premises be restored to their original condition
• If he retains the works, no compensation is due

6.3.3 Contractual deviations

Article 9 of the Commercial Lease Law is of supplementary law. The parties may make other arrangements in their contract regarding the fate of executed works.

7. Lease assignment and subletting

7.1 General principles

The common lease law (Article 1717 old Civil Code) provides that, in principle, a tenant may sublet or assign the lease unless this is contractually excluded. In the case of commercial leases, however, Article 10 Commercial Leases Act provides an important nuance: even if subletting or rent transfer is contractually excluded, it remains possible if it is concomitant with the transfer of the commercial property.

This principle does not apply when the landlord or his family occupies part of the leased premises (Article 10, paragraph 2 of the Commercial Lease Law).

7.2 Procedure for transfer with commercial case

If a contractual prohibition on subletting or transfer applies, the tenant must follow a specific procedure when transferring with commercial business:

1. The tenant must serve the draft deed of conveyance or sublease on the landlord by bailiff's writ or registered mail
2. This draft should include all agreements between tenant and transferee
3. The landlord has 30 days to oppose
4. In the event of opposition, the landlord must give legitimate reasons
5. The tenant may apply to the justice of the peace within 15 days in the event of unfounded opposition

Acceptable reasons for opposition by the landlord include:

• Real harm or detriment to the landlord
• The tenant has practiced the trade for less than two years
• Doubts about solvency of acquirer
• A use that differs from the original use

7.3 Effects of transfer and sublease

7.3.1 Full lease transfer with commercial case

In case of full transfer (Article 11, I, first paragraph Commercial Lease Law):

• The transferee becomes a direct tenant of the landlord
• He can request renewal or rent review himself
• He is entitled to any eviction compensation
• The original tenant remains jointly and severally liable for the obligations under the original lease (unless contractually provided otherwise)

7.3.2 Full sublease with transfer of commercial business

Full subletting with transfer of the commercial business is assimilated to lease transfer (Article 11, I, second paragraph Commercial Lease Law).

7.3.3 Partial sublease

In the case of partial subletting:

• There is no direct relationship between landlord and subtenant
• Only the main tenant can request rent renewal
• The law provides protection mechanisms for the subtenant (Article 11, II Commercial Lease Act)

7.4 Special protection for the subtenant

The subtenant enjoys special protection:

1. Failure to request renewal by the main tenant or refusal for reasons affecting only the main tenant does not affect the subtenant's right to renewal
2. If the main lease ends early due to the actions of the main tenant, the subtenant becomes a direct tenant of the landlord

7.5 Joint and several liability

In case of transfer of lease or sublease, the original tenant remains jointly and severally liable for all obligations arising from the original lease (Article 11, III Commercial Lease Law). This obligation is limited to the rental period still in progress and ends upon renewal.

It is important for the original tenant to contractually exclude this joint and several liability whenever possible.

8. Sale of the leased property

8.1 Principle "buy doesn't break rent"

Article 12 Commercial Lease Law protects the tenant in the event of a sale or other transfer (exchange, gift, contribution) of the leased premises. The principle "buy does not break a lease" applies, but with nuances depending on the situation.

8.2 Fixed date rental agreement.

A lease is given fixed date by:

• Registration
• Inclusion of main content in an authentic instrument
• Death of a contracting party

8.2.1 Without eviction clause

If the lease has a fixed date and does not contain an eviction clause, the buyer cannot evict the tenant (Article 1743 old Civil Code). The buyer enters into the rights and obligations of the seller-landlord.

8.2.2 With eviction clause

If the lease has a fixed date and does contain an eviction clause, the buyer can evict the tenant, but only:

• For any of the reasons listed in Article 16, I, 1°-4° Commercial Lease Law
• Within three months of the acquisition
• With a notice period of one year
• Stating the reason for termination

8.3 Rental agreement without a fixed date

8.3.1 Use for more than six months

If the lease does not have a fixed date but the tenant has occupied the premises for at least six months, the same rules apply as in the case of a fixed-date lease (Article 12(2) Commercial Lease Law).

8.3.2 Use for less than six months

If the lease has no fixed date and the tenant has not occupied the property for six months, the buyer can evict the tenant without conditions or formalities.

9. Pop-up trading lease

9.1 Legal framework and scope

The Pop-up decree of June 17, 2016 (in effect since Sept. 1, 2016) provides a separate regime in Flanders for commercial leases with a duration of up to one year. These agreements fall outside the scope of the Commercial Lease Law.

The decree applies to the same type of leases as the Commercial Rental Act (retail or craft with direct customer contact), but specifically to short-term contracts.

9.2 Form requirements

The pop-up rental agreement must always be in writing. If the agreement is verbal or indefinite, it qualifies as an ordinary nine-year commercial lease.

The contract must be registered within four months of signing.

9.3 Rent and costs

• The rent is freely determined by the parties
• Taxes are considered included in the rent unless otherwise agreed upon
• Charges for utilities are the responsibility of the tenant

9.4 Duration and termination

9.4.1 Maximum duration

The term may not exceed one year. If the lease exceeds one year through renewals, the agreement automatically becomes a nine-year commercial lease from the commencement date.

9.4.2 Termination options.

• The agreement ends automatically on the end date without notice
• The landlord cannot terminate the agreement early
• The tenant may terminate at any time with one month's notice, without justification or compensation
• The parties may also terminate the agreement by mutual agreement via private writing

9.5 Conversion possibilities

The pop-up tenant may make renovations useful to its business, provided that:

• Written notice to landlord prior to commencement of work
• The cost up to one year's rent is
• The safety, salubrity and aesthetic value of the building remain unaffected

At the end of the lease, the landlord may demand the removal of renovations, unless otherwise agreed. If he chooses to keep the works, no fee is due.

9.6 Transfer and sublease

With pop-lease, assignment and subletting are always prohibited, without exception, even if this prohibition is not explicitly included in the agreement.

9.7 Disposal of the leased property

Upon sale or other transfer of the leased property, the buyer must honor a registered pop-up rental agreement. The tenant cannot be evicted before the end date.

10. Practical recommendations for trade tenants and landlords

10.1 For landlords

1. At the outset:
   • Provide a comprehensive written contract with clear provisions on zoning, rent, indexing and any termination options
   • Have a detailed site description prepared
   • Clearly define whether and under what conditions subletting or assignment is permitted
   • Include an eviction clause in case of sale
2. During the rental:
   • Respond to lease renewal requests in a timely manner (within three months)
   • Regularly check the condition of the property
   • Keep all correspondence with the tenant
3. Upon termination:
   • Respect legal notice periods
   • Be aware of the possible eviction fee
   • Provide a careful placeholder on exit

10.2 For tenants

1. At the outset:
   • Have the contract reviewed by an attorney
   • Provide a detailed site description
   • Have the contract registered in a timely manner if contractually agreed upon
   • Negotiate an appropriate destination that provides sufficient flexibility
2. During the rental:
   • Respect destination and other contractual obligations
   • Request permission for remodeling work in accordance with the legal procedure
   • Schedule any lease renewal application in a timely manner (between 18 and 15 months before the end)
3. Upon termination:
   • Know what your rights are in case of refusal of lease renewal
   • Calculate the eviction fee, if any
   • Determine the fate of completed renovations

10.3 On transfer and subletting

1. Carefully follow the legal procedure
2. Provide a clear draft of deed of conveyance
3. If possible, exclude your joint and several liability as a transferor
4. As a subtenant: make sure your renewal application is served on both the main tenant and the landlord

In conclusion

Commercial lease law in Belgium (and Flanders) represents a complex legal framework that poses challenges to both landlords and tenants. Balancing the protection of the commercial property with the rights of the owner requires a thorough knowledge of the legal provisions.

Our law firm has years of experience in this area. An attorney can assist you in all phases of the commercial lease relationship: from drafting a conclusive contract to negotiating lease renewal or representing you in court proceedings.

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Want to know more?

👉 Read all about termination options in commercial leases

👉 Read all about trade rent indexing