{"id":100785,"date":"2025-10-30T00:28:32","date_gmt":"2025-10-29T23:28:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ictrechtswijzer.be\/?p=100785"},"modified":"2025-10-30T00:35:25","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T23:35:25","slug":"can-a-minor-give-permission-to-an-influencer-to-use-her-images-on-his-tiktok-channel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ictrechtswijzer.be\/en\/kan-een-minderjarige-toestemming-geven-aan-een-influencer-om-haar-beelden-op-zijn-tiktok-kanaal-te-gebruiken\/","title":{"rendered":"Can a minor give permission to an influencer to use her images on his TikTok channel?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An influencer films minors for \u2018challenges\u2019 and posts it online without permission, resulting in severe harassment. The correctional court in Ghent ruled in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rechtbanken-tribunaux.be\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/gen\/files\/vonnis-influencer.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">judgment<\/a> of 27 October 2025 that this was not stalking, but did issue a conviction. This case demonstrates crystal clear that distributing images of children online is a serious violation of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ictrechtswijzer.be\/en\/data-protection\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)<\/a>, even if the perpetrator's \u2018stalking\u2019 intent cannot be proven.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-de-feiten-van-format-tot-zelfmoordgedachten\">The facts: from \u2018format\u2019 to suicidal thoughts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A well-known Ghent-based influencer (ImboVlogs) filmed minors on the street for his social media channels<sup><\/sup>. These \u2018formats\u2019 were often disturbing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A 12-year-old girl (Girl 1) had to rate an unknown boy out of 10. She gave him 10\/10, but got back 1\/10 herself.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A 13-year-old girl (Girl 2) was asked about her \u2018relational past\u2019 and the number of exes she had to name in exchange for money .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The influencer published these videos on TikTok and Instagram, where he had many thousands of followers, without the parents' permission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The consequences, especially for the 12-year-old victim, were disastrous. The video was shared massively at her school<sup><\/sup>. She faced a flood of \u201churtful and offensive\u201d hate comments <sup><\/sup>, felt \u201cstupid\u201d <sup><\/sup>, embarrassed <sup><\/sup>and didn't want to come out again<sup><\/sup>. The impact was so severe that she \u201ccontemplated suicide\u201d<sup><\/sup>. Her mother described the period as \u201chell\u201d <sup><\/sup>and was \u201cafraid her daughter would do something to herself\u201d<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-de-beslissing-van-de-correctionele-rechtbank\">Correctional court decision<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The influencer was originally prosecuted for stalking (with the aggravating circumstance of a vulnerable victim). However, the court acquitted him for this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-vrijspraak-voor-belaging\">Acquittal for stalking<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The court held that for the crime of stalking (art. 442bis <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ejustice.just.fgov.be\/cgi_loi\/change_lg.pl?language=nl&amp;la=N&amp;cn=1867060801&amp;table_name=wet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Criminal Code<\/a>) requires specific intent. The perpetrator must have the intent to target a specific person (\u201cas if they were his prey\u201d) and confront them with \u201cunremitting or recurring consequences\u201d .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although the influencer was \u201cgrossly negligent\u201d about the harmful effects of his videos , the court ruled that intent to target the girls with hate speech was not proven. Gross negligence is not sufficient to meet the requisite intent for stalking, according to the ruling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-de-veroordeling-een-inbreuk-op-de-avg-gdpr\">The conviction: a violation of the GDPR<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, the court did not leave the matter at that and requalified the facts. The influencer was convicted of unlawful processing of personal data, a criminal offense under section 222 of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ejustice.just.fgov.be\/cgi_loi\/change_lg.pl?language=nl&amp;la=N&amp;cn=2018073046&amp;table_name=wet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">personal data processing act of 30 July 2018<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The law criminalizes the \u201ccontroller\u201d who processes personal data without a legal basis in accordance with Article 6 of the GDPR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">So the court simply had to consider whether the influencer had a valid legal basis under Article 6 GDPR. The only possible legal basis was \u201cconsent\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The judgment notes that Girl 2 (age 13) \u201cdid not consent to processing\u201d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For Girl 1 (age 12), the judgment establishes that \u201cher legal representative did not consent\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Because there was no valid consent (and thus no legal basis) in either case, the processing was unlawful and the crime proven. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ik-wist-het-niet-rechtsdwaling-verworpen\">\u201cI didn't know\u201d: error of law overruled<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The influencer still tried to hide behind the argument that he did not know this was not allowed (so-called \u2018un avoidbale error of law\u2019)<sup><\/sup>. The court briskly dismissed this argument. A 24-year-old content creator should be expected to know \u201cbased on his own common sense and moral compass alone\u201d that he needs permission to post sensitive videos of minors<sup><\/sup>. As a professional, he should have informed himself correctly about the legislation<sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The influencer was eventually sentenced to 60 hours of community service and had to pay \u20ac1,750 in damages to the 12-year-old victim and \u20ac800 to her mother.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-juridische-analyse-en-duiding\">Legal analysis and interpretation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This ruling, while drawing the correct conclusion, unnecessarily complicates the reasoning by referring to the specific rule for \u201conline services\u201d (Art. 8  GDPR and Article 7 of the Personal Data Processing Act of 30 July 2018). However, that rule does not apply here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The legal reasoning is much simpler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The law requires a legal basis:<\/strong> According to the GDPR, \u201cconsent\u201d is the only possible legal basis for the processing of personal data by an influencer (Art. 6 GDPR).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Minors are legally incompetent:<\/strong> Under general Belgian civil law, a minor is in principle legally incompetent to decide independently on the (commercial) publication of his or her personal data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Parents must consent:<\/strong> The authority to give this consent lies with the parents, as holders of parental authority.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Exception (information society service) does not apply:<\/strong> The special rule that does allow children from 13 years of age to give their own consent (Art. 8 GDPR and Art. 7 Personal Data Processing Act), only applies when the child itself purchases an online service (e.g. creates an account on TikTok). That was not the case here; the girls were the subject of the content, not the users of a service.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong> As the general rule applies, for both girls (both the 12-year-old and the 13-year-old), the influencer should have had explicit, informed parental consent.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The verdict clearly establishes that the mothers of both victims never gave that consent<sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup><sup><\/sup>. Therefore, there was no legal basis, the processing was unlawful and the criminal conviction inevitable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-wat-dit-concreet-betekent\">What this specifically means<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>For content creators \/ influencers:<\/strong> The lesson of this ruling is crystal clear. If you depict and publish a minor recognizably, you always need the informed, specific and free consent of the parents. The child's own \u2018consent\u2019 on the street is legally worthless.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>For parents:<\/strong> You are in a very strong legal position. If images of your child are distributed without your consent, data protection law provides a direct and powerful legal recourse. This can result in both punishment for the perpetrator and compensation for your child.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-veelgestelde-vragen-faq\">Frequently asked questions (FAQ)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>So does the age of the child (12 vs. 13) make any difference?<\/strong> <br>No, not in this particular situation. Because it did not involve the purchase of an online service, both the 12-year-old and the 13-year-old fall under the general rule of legal incapacity. Parental consent was required for both.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What if the influencer did seek parental consent?<\/strong> <br>Even then, that consent should have been \u201cinformed.\u201d The parents should have known what channels the video would be on, the extent of its reach, and the risks of negative reactions. A quick \u2018yes\u2019 on the street is probably insufficient to count as \u2018informed\u2019 consent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The influencer said he could not stop the hate reactions. Is that true?<\/strong> <br>Although he cannot control every third-party response, he does have a responsibility as a \u2018controller\u2019 (the channel operator). However, the court charged him especially heavily for the initial publication without permission. The fact that he posted the videos online in the first place created the risk of hateful reactions and is at the heart of the proven infringement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusie\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This ruling highlights that influencers and content creators do not have legal free rein in Belgium. Publishing images of minors without explicit parental consent is a criminal violation of data protection law. A child's own \u2018consent\u2019 on the street is legally invalid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ictrechtswijzer.be\/en\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Are you dealing with unwanted publications, online hatred or an invasion of your or your child's privacy? Our lattorneys specializing in media law, privacy laws (GDPR) and e-reputation are ready to analyze your case. Feel free to contact us for an initial advice.<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Een influencer filmt minderjarigen voor &#8216;challenges&#8217; en plaatst dit online zonder toestemming, met zware pesterijen tot gevolg. De correctionele rechtbank te Gent oordeelde in een vonnis van 27 oktober 2025 dat dit geen belaging was, maar sprak wel een veroordeling uit. Deze zaak toont glashelder aan dat het online verspreiden van beelden van kinderen een [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":100786,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gdpr"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v28.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kan een minderjarige toestemming geven aan een influencer om haar beelden op zijn TikTok kanaal te gebruiken? - ICT Rechtswijzer Advocaat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Waarom werd een influencer veroordeeld voor een GDPR-inbreuk, en niet voor belaging? 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